At present, China is in a crucial period of accelerating the development of new quality productive forces and building a new pattern of development。Cultivating and expanding new quality productivity not only drives the transformation and upgrading of related fields, but also enables vocational education to transform and change in the direction of high quality。As one of the core tasks to promote the high-quality development of vocational education, curriculum reform is a key measure to ensure the quality of education and teaching and an inevitable choice to achieve the goal of talent training。
Since the implementation of the "101 Plan" of education and teaching reform at the undergraduate level in December 2021，By pooling the superior strength of the country，Establish core curriculum system and core teaching material system，Solve the "big problem" of talent Training with the "small incision" of curriculum reform，Radiation drives the improvement of the overall teaching level in more subject areas，Cultivate a group of top-notch talents who can decide the outcome of "arm-wrestling" in the world in the future。In recent years, vocational education has taken improving the quality of talent training as the main line, issued a series of policy documents to deepen education and teaching reform, and carried out key tasks of modern vocational education system construction reform such as "first-class core curriculum construction", "high-quality teaching materials construction" and "typical production practice projects of school-enterprise cooperation"。However, compared with the implementation of undergraduate "101 plan", its systematization, practicality, challenge and leadership still need to be further improved。Based on this, the implementation of vocational education "101 plan" is imminent。Relying on the key links of professional curriculum reform in key areas of vocational education, the construction of professional curriculum system is the focus, the construction of core curriculum is the key point, and the feedback improvement mechanism is the starting point to promote the continuous and in-depth reform of professional curriculum。
Anchoring high-end industry to construct curriculum system
With the improvement of students' ability as the key, the "101 Plan" focuses on the basic disciplines of higher education and the "four new" key areas, and systematically builds a number of complete and internationally leading core curriculum systems。The vigorous development of new quality productivity promotes the iteration of new business forms, and vocational education should also focus on the advantages of industry, education and science and technology to reshape the professional curriculum system。
First, focus on the production frontier combing technical knowledge。In the new generation of information technology, aerospace equipment and other national key industries, the process specifications, operating procedures and standard requirements of the production line are deeply excavated, and the most high-end and cutting-edge technical resources in the current key industrial fields are clarified, so as to serve as the source of the restructuring of the curriculum system。
The second is to construct professional teaching standards against emerging industry standards。New methods, new technologies, new processes and new standards in the fields of high-end CNC machine tools and robots, aerospace equipment and other fields are introduced into vocational education courses，Invite experts from industry enterprises, craftsmen from big countries, and highly skilled talents to conduct in-depth discussions on the development of curriculum standards, the development of curriculum resources, and the selection of curriculum content，Ensure that modern industrial system standards are transformed into professional teaching standards。
The third is to synchronize the latest industry technology architecture course graph。Based on professional pedigree diagram of vocational education and industrial pedigree diagram docking model，Clarify industry skills needs，Focus on students' career and digital skills，According to the principle of "Post class Competition card" accommodation，From the perspective of multidisciplinary integration，The curriculum system of vocational education based on "module - course - course group - professional curriculum subsystem" is established。
Deep development of high-tech core courses
"101 Plan" has set up curriculum construction teams in 9 subject pilot areas such as computer science and mathematics, and determined more than 10 core courses of each subject through multiple rounds of screening, and built a curriculum knowledge system with knowledge points as the core。The construction of core curriculum is the starting point and key to the curriculum reform of vocational education. On the basis of following the law of curriculum construction, we should highlight the characteristics of the types of vocational education and develop the core curriculum with high order, innovation and challenge。
First, industrial demand-oriented, for the new generation of information technology, high-end CNC machine tools and robots and other key areas of high-end industries, high-end enterprises, high-end positions, focusing on industry forward-looking technology formats, combined with the professional teaching standards of higher vocational schools, each major selected about 10 core courses。
The second is based on the real and complete production process of enterprise positions，The course content is defined in the principle of "serving the all-round development of people, serving the economic and social development and serving the national development strategy"，Fully docking vocational skills (qualification) standards, industry leading enterprise standards, international certification standards，Timely integration of new technologies, new processes and new norms into the course content，Increase the research, complex and innovative curriculum design，Building course modules，To provide students with the conditions and opportunities to challenge authority and professional frontier。
The third is to improve students' profound technical skills, theoretical knowledge level and high-level thinking ability as the goal, from the basic theory, technical requirements and practical application of three levels of knowledge content。The knowledge and skill points of each course are decomposed and integrated to form a complete, multi-dimensional and progressive knowledge network，Clarify the content and capability objectives of each knowledge and skill point，The relationship among knowledge points, skill requirements, teaching resources, teaching activities and assessment methods is described in a structured form，Encourage learners to complete each learning situation or learning work task。
Fourth, relying on generative artificial intelligence models such as ChatGPT and Soar, the school and enterprise jointly develop curriculum teaching resources, take "skill adaptation" as the main line, and create a first-class core curriculum of "open sharing, cross-integration, change and innovation"。
Bring together highly skilled talents to create high-quality teaching materials
"101 Plan" brings together domestic teachers with rich teaching experience and academic level in the field of computer science, sets up a localized core curriculum construction and textbook writing team, and creates high-quality textbooks reflecting "world-class, Chinese characteristics and 101 style"。In view of this，The compilation of supporting materials for the core courses of vocational education should also coordinate the construction of industrial enterprises，Led by a high-level team，Invite artisans from big countries and technical experts from all over the country，Bringing together domestic teachers and leading enterprises with rich teaching experience and academic level in related fields to undertake the compilation, review and research of supporting textbooks。
First, reflect the ideological nature, integrate the ideological and political elements, on the basis of the implementation of the basic task of moral education, improve the depth and breadth of the content of the textbook, pay attention to the cultivation of innovative thinking。
The second is to embody the integration of STEM education concepts into teaching resources, weaken the rigid barriers between disciplines and majors, present real projects and real problems based on the work process with an integrated knowledge generation system, strengthen the correlation between old and new knowledge, and do a good job in the integration and transformation of content between disciplines and majors。
The third is to reflect the future, aiming at future energy, future manufacturing, future health, future information and other fields, docking the mainstream high-end technology of the industry, and cooperating with high-level publishing houses to build a batch of teaching materials reflecting "future skills"。
The fourth is to reflect the duality, inviting industry leaders such as craftsmen from large countries to participate in the compilation of teaching materials, and converting the training materials and operation manuals of the chain master enterprises into professional course materials and practical training materials。
The fifth is the embodiment of intelligence，Innovative teaching material form，Organize teaching material content with project task as module，The application of virtual reality, digital twins, generative artificial intelligence, meta-universe and other technologies，Develop digital teaching materials and virtual simulation training materials，The organic integration of paper teaching materials and digital teaching resources is dynamically promoted in the form of "new form teaching materials + network resources + practice platform + teaching plan library + case library"。
Implement high-quality evaluation to improve the effectiveness of curriculum reform
With the aim of "improvement", the "101 Plan" carries out in-depth classroom lectures, lesson evaluation, teaching plan discussion, curriculum design and implementation research, and also improves classroom teaching effect through on-site observation, teaching discussion and teacher training。Similarly, the evaluation of vocational education curriculum is an important guarantee for the reform of vocational education curriculum. Through optimizing the evaluation process, updating the evaluation means and improving the evaluation efficiency, the teaching quality can be better guaranteed and the teaching quality can be continuously improved。
First, we will pool our strengths，Explore the establishment of virtual teaching and research space within and between schools，The leading unit shall organize teaching and research activities on a regular basis，To build a cross-professional, cross-school, cross-regional teaching and research community，Gradually build a number of virtual teaching and research rooms highlighting the characteristics of the school and the quality of teaching and research，Build a curriculum "research - learning - teaching - evaluation" community。
The second is to carry out continuous classroom evaluation，According to the characteristics of vocational education classroom, the guide of listening to lectures was compiled，It includes course type, teaching theme, teaching goal, project link, students' classroom performance, students' feedback, skills achievement and so on，The complex situation in the classroom is broken down into a spatial unit，Through the observation point, each unit is frozen and scanned，Collect, describe, and record relevant details，Evaluate classroom outcomes comprehensively。
The third is to reflect, analyze and deduce the evaluation results in time after class，Using generative artificial intelligence to analyze and study the running state of the classroom，Based on teaching portraits of teachers and students，Guide teachers to pay more attention to teaching and teaching research，In this way, teachers' teaching cognitive construction is reshaped，Improve teachers' teaching，Promote student learning。
(Author: Shen Baozhong, Dean of Binzhou Vocational College, Wang Chenqian, teacher of Binzhou Vocational College)
(From Modern Higher Vocational and Technical Education Network, information source: China Education Daily, September 10, 2024)
